MENU

FDA Institution Profile | Drug Discovery & DDS

Back to Technology, Institution & Company Guides

INSTITUTION PROFILE

FDA
— The U.S. regulator through which many of the world’s new medicines first pass

The FDA (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) is a regulatory authority of the U.S. government and does not make medicines themselves. RolesDrug Discovery & Development shows how to examine and approve drugs sold in the U.S.Comment In the U.S., only the authority is in the U.S., but for companies who want to sell drugs in the U.S. to receive FDA reviews regardless of nationality, The impact is substantially delivered to pharmaceutical companies around the world. FDAHow much does drug discovery and DDS affect?Squeeze and organize.

Composition: FDA at a G (January 2026), CDER approval list and annual report (2025), rapid system, official page of CNPV and PDUFA, modality guidance, and FDA press release are used as primary information / final update September 2026

In this article
  1. 30 sec FDA
  2. What kind of organization is the type of influence?
  3. What is DDS?
  4. Scope of influence (authorization and region)
  5. Companies and organizations involved
  6. Future Prospects
  7. Glossary/Source/Ins ment and Source Response Table

1. FDA understandable in 30 seconds

NameU.S. Food and Drug Administration
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Organization in the U.S. Department of Health and Welfare (HHS)
CountryUSASilver Spring, Maryland
Type of Organizationfederal regulatory authoritiesCDER for new drugs and antibodies, and CBER for vaccines and blood preparations
Year 1906The current regulatory work began in the same year’s genuine food and pharmaceutical law. From 1930
Number of people20,593 FTEPersonnel will be fully converted for the 2025 fiscal year. Total budget for all fields including food and equipment
$70 billionFY2025 51% Federal Budget 9%9%
Involvement in drug discovery and DDSApproval review and guidanceApproval of new drugs, designation of speeding systems, and development guidelines by modalities
Impact rangeU.S. market (no nationality)32 of 46 new drugs in 2025
1 point to press

FDAU.S.However, companies that want to enter the US market are around the world. According to the annual report of CDER (Pharmaceu) Evaluation Research Center), 46 new drugs approved in 2025 32 items (70%) first approved by the United StatesComment FactsHome Drugs used in the United StatesAbout 78% of active ingredient manufacturers outside the USthe FDA itself shows FactsHome FDA is a national governmentThe first place to examine new drug development in the worldContact Us

2. What kind of organization is the type of influence?

The drug discovery and DDS articles will not make medicines yourself, unlike companies. instead ofWhat pathways will affect the industry?is divided into four types.

4 types of drug discovery and DDS The body does not make medicine by yourself. 4 different routes to influence the industry Funding Decide on policies and regulations Set the standard Make a place Please use your budget Approval, guidance, and inspection International Harmony of Guidelines Presentation of clinical data NIH FDA/EMA/PMDA/NMPA ICH AACR/ASCO What to do What to Market How to apply Who Meets Scope to reach: budget of your country Scope of delivery = market of your country Scope to reach: affiliates Scope to reach: Participants FDA’s policy and regulation FDA approval is required for companies in any country to sell drugs in the US In addition to approval, it also affects how to develop through modalities guidance
Figure 1 4 types of drug discovery and DDS related organizations and FDA positions. The classification is based on this article, and the name of the organization is shown by eight institutions in this series. The calculation of this paperHome The FDA is not a research institution, but a national research fund is responsible for NIH.

3. What is DDS?

The FDA is mainly responsible for the examination of new drugs.CDERComment On June 30, 2003, the examination of mono。nal antibody and the。eutic protein was transferred from CBER to CDER. Vac s and blood preparations are affected by CBER Facts。

ActivitiesHomeNumbers and Examples (FDA)
New Drug Approval ReviewReview and approve “novel drug” that has never been approved or sold in the United States2025 CDER46 items(New active ingredient 34, biologics 12). 58 items combined with CBER. 2026 44 items by September 25
Speed4 systems to quickly deliver heavy illness drugs: Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy, Priority Review, and Fast Approval. Priority Examination6 monthsTarget within 10 months46 new drugs in 202533 items(72%)Use one or more Breakdown: Fast Track 18, Breakthrough 15, Priority Review 21, Fast Approval 11
New Priority Examination (CNPV)A trial system released in June 2025. Receives a certificate for items that meet five national priorities in the U.S. (public health crisis, stage treatment, large unmet needs, domestic resupply, and supply chain, and cost reduction)The goal of the examination period is1-2 months6 months or more Examination tickets cannot be transferred to other companies
Drug Discovery & Development by modalitiesThe FDA’s “Current Approach” indicates what to look at when developing new drugsClinical Pharmacology of Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADC) (March 2024, Final Edition) / Clinical Pharmacology of Oligonucleotide (Nucleic Acid Drugs) (June 2024, Final Edition) / Development of Weight Loss Drugs for Obesity (January 2025)
PDUFAThe FDA promises to speed up the screening process by companies.Law updates every 5 yearsRequiredPDUFA VII (fiscal year 2023-2027) The following PDUFA VIII (fiscal year 2028 to 2032) has been updated.

2025-2026 modality

CDER’s new drug list includes modalities used in the technical commentary of this series. The following classification was written by the name of the active ingredient in the list (-deruxtecan-vedotin=ADC, -siran=siRNA, -rsen=antis ). The calculation of this paper。

modalitiesProduct NameApproval Date
ADCDatroway(datopotamab deruxtecan)/Emrelis(telisotuzumab vedotin)January 17, 2025 / May 14
siRNAQfitlia(fitusiran)/Redemplo(plozasiran)March 28, 2025 November 18, 2025
AntisDawnzera(donidalorsen)/Zanvastro(zilganersen)August 21, 2025 / September 3, 2026
Oral Obesity DrugsFoundayo Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance AdaptationApril 1, 2026
DDS point of view: subject to review without new ingredients

The number of "novel drugs" is not included.New form and preparationCDER approved items. The annual report of 2025 became a semi-solid gel in the b、dergradually releaseMitomycin preparation (Zusduri) and SemaglutideTablets(Wegovy) FactsHome Products approved by CDER in 2025 include new drugs and existing ingredients.123 itemsComment FactsHome The results of DDS technology appear as a review of these new formulations and new formulations.

4. Scope of influence (authorization and region)

What FDA hasNot having
USASales ApprovalDetermination of speed system, request for confirmation test after rapid approval, and cancellation of approval if the effect cannot be confirmedauthority to decide whether to sell in other countries and regions
RegionUS MarketHome If you have an application company or manufacturing plant in any country, you will be eligible to sell in the United States.The power to restrain the judgment of other authorities
DanceBecome a virtual standard of development plans as the FDA's "current thinking"Legal restraint (Guidance is not recommended)
International LocationICH (International Conference on Pharmaceutical Regulations)Regulatory member at the time of establishmentone. ICH guideline to understand the format of application materials such as Japan and the U.S.Permissions to decide the ICH guideline alone (depending on the agreement of the member authority)
Funds—Distribution of research expenses for universities and other institutions
Notes on reading numbers

20,593 FTE and about $70 billionTotal FDA including food, medical equipment, cigarettes, etc.Number FactsHome In the FDA at a G breakdown, the budget for human drugs is $242.88 million (the total is 35 , The number of CDER staff and the amount used only for drug discovery and DDS examination are not included in the same document. Undetermined / Future。

5. Companies and organizations involved

FDA-focused new drug review Companies around the world apply for approval in the U.S. and FDA steps with other local authorities through ICH Department of Health and Welfare (HHS) FDA CDER: New drug, antibody, nucleic acid, etc. CBER: Vac s, blood preparation, etc. Applicant (whether nationality) Vertex(Journavx) Sanofi(Qfitlia) ICH Regulatory member at the time of establishment EC/MHLW/PMDA PDUFA The FDA promises to set the goal for the examination period by fees. Update the law every 5 years Example of the FDA’s press release for the second time of the application company ICH’s regulators include many other authorities such as 、PA (China)
Figure 2 FDA-focused new drug review Source: FDA press release (Journavx January 30, 2025, Qfitlia March 28, 2025), CDER transfer page, PDUFA page, ICH members & Ob。s. The company has only one of the candidates for the FDA’s primary materials to confirm the approval destination.

6. Future Prospects

ReadPrimary Information
FY2028PDUFA VIIIand redefine the scope of objectives and fees for the examination period.PDUFA needs to be updated every 5 years, and the FDA has updated the PDUFA VIII (fiscal year 2028-2032).
If CNPV is determined from the trial,and manufacturing and pricewill become an element related to the speed of examinationCNPV has five priority issues: domestic re , supply chain, and cost reduction.
The development guidance of obesity drug is not determined in the final version at the stage of the proposalJanuary 2025: Not for implementationUndetermined / Future

7. Glossary

CDER/CBER
Examination department inside the FDA. CDER is responsible for treating proteins such as new drugs and antibodies, and CBER is responsible for vac。s and blood preparations.
novel drug
Drugs of active ingredients that have never been approved or sold in the United States. CDER announces its list and number of cases every year.
Quick approval
A system to approve with alternative indicators that can predict effects instead of directly measuring clinical effects. It is necessary to confirm the effect after approval.
English
A document showing the current idea of development and application by the FDA. No legal binding.
PDUFA
Prescription drug user method. A system that supports the auditing system with corporate fees, updated every 5 years.

8. Source

  1. FDA FDA at a G The 2025 accounting year's budget is about $70 billion and the breakdown of financial resources, about 78% of the 20,593 FTE, the budget of human medicine, and the active ingredient manufacturer is located in the U.S. and headquarters. https://www.fda.gov/media/154548/download
  2. FDA FDA History (The current regulatory work began in 1906, and the current name was in 1930). https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-history
  3. FDA Transfer of Regulatory Biological Products to CDER https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/jurisdictional-information/transfer-therapeutic-biological-products-center-drug-evaluation-and-research
  4. FDA(CDER) Novel Drug Approvals for 2025 https://www.fda.gov/drugs/novel-drug-approvals-fda/novel-drug-approvals-2025
  5. FDA(CDER) Healthancing Health Through Innovation: New Drug Approvals 2025 (35 new active ingredients, 12 biologics, 58 combined with CBER, 70% first approval in the United States, the number of uses of the rapid system, 6 months prioritization, 10 months, 123 items, Zosduri and Wegovy tablets) https://www.fda.gov/media/190705/download
  6. FDA(CDER) Novel Drug Approvals for 2026 https://www.fda.gov/drugs/novel-drug-approvals-fda/novel-drug-approvals-2026
  7. FDA Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy, Accelerated Approval, Priority Review https://www.fda.gov/patients/learn-about-drug-and-device-approvals/fast-track-breakthrough-therapy-accelerated-approval-priority-review
  8. FDA Commissioner's National Priority Voucher (CNPV) Pilot Program (Unsubscribed in June 2025, five national priorities, one to two months, non-transferable) https://www.fda.gov/industry/commissioners-national-priority-voucher-cnpv-pilot-program
  9. FDA rugdance "Clinical Pharmacology Considerations for Antibody-Drug Conjugates" (March 2024, Final Edition, CDER・CBER). https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/clinical-pharmacology-considerations-antibody-drug-conjugates-guidance-industry
  10. FDA icaldance "Clinical Pharmacology Considerations for the Development of Oligonucleotide Theticseutics" (Final Edition, CDER, June 2024). https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/clinical-pharmacology-considerations-development-oligonucleotide-therapeutics
  11. FDA Draftancedance “Obesity and Overweight: Developing Drugs and Biological Products for Weight Reduction” https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/obesity-and-overweight-developing-drugs-and-biological-products-weight-reduction
  12. FDA Prescription Drug User Fee Amendments (Updated every 5 years, PDUFA VII 2023 to 2027, PDUFA VIII 2028 to 2032) https://www.fda.gov/industry/fda-user-fee-programs/prescription-drug-user-fee-amendments
  13. FDA FDA Approves Novel Non-Opioid Treatment for Moderate to Severe Acute Paintextex Pharmaceuticals https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-novel-non-opioid-treatment-moderate-severe-acute-pain
  14. FDA FDA Approves Novel Treatment for Hemophilia A or B, with or without Factor In。tors Authorized by Sanofi, Orphan Drug Fast Track). https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-novel-treatment-hemophilia-or-b-or-without-factor-inhibitors
  15. ICH Members & Ob。s (Regulators at the time of establishment: EC, Europe/FDA, United States/MHLW/PMDA, Japan) PA, China) https://www.ich.org/page/members-observers

9. Response table of claims and sources

Content
The company in HHS, its headquarters location, 20,593 FTE, the budget of $70 billion and the source of goods, the budget of human drugs, and about 78% of the active ingredient manufacturers in the United StatesFactsSource 1 https://www.fda.gov/media/154548/download
In 1906, the current regulatory business began.FactsSource 2 https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-history
Transfer of antibodies and the eutic proteins to CDER (June 30, 2003), vac s and blood preparations are CBERFactsSource 3 https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/jurisdictional-information/transfer-therapeutic-biological-products-center-drug-evaluation-and-research
Approval date for 46 new drugs in 2025 and ADC, siRNA, and antisense itemsFactsSource 4 https://www.fda.gov/drugs/novel-drug-approvals-fda/novel-drug-approvals-2025
34 new active ingredients, 12 biologics, 58 and 32 products (70%) are the first in the U.S., 33 uses of the rapid system, 6 months prioritization, 10 months, revocation and approval after approval, 123 items, Zosduri and Wegovy tabletsFactsSource 5 https://www.fda.gov/media/190705/download
By September 25, 2026, 44 items, Zanva, and Foundayo approval dateFactsSource 6 https://www.fda.gov/drugs/novel-drug-approvals-fda/novel-drug-approvals-2026
Four Speed SystemsFactsSource 7 https://www.fda.gov/patients/learn-about-drug-and-device-approvals/fast-track-breakthrough-therapy-accelerated-approval-priority-review
CNPV presentation time, 5 priority issues, 1 to 2 months goal, non-transferableFactsSource 8 https://www.fda.gov/industry/commissioners-national-priority-voucher-cnpv-pilot-program
ADC Clinical Pharmacology (March 2024, Final Edition)FactsSource 9 https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/clinical-pharmacology-considerations-antibody-drug-conjugates-guidance-industry
Clinical Pharmacology of Oligonucleotide (Final Version)FactsSource10 https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/clinical-pharmacology-considerations-development-oligonucleotide-therapeutics
Development of Weight Loss Drugs for Obesity (January 2025), is a non-binding recommendationFactsSource11 https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/obesity-and-overweight-developing-drugs-and-biological-products-weight-reduction
PDUFA VII/VIIIFactsSource12 https://www.fda.gov/industry/fda-user-fee-programs/prescription-drug-user-fee-amendments
Journavx's approval destination is Vertex,FactsReference13 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-novel-non-opioid-treatment-moderate-severe-acute-pain
Qfitlia's approval destination is Sanofi, and various specificationsFactsReference14 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-novel-treatment-hemophilia-or-b-or-without-factor-inhibitors
FDA is a regulatory member at the time of establishment of ICHFactsSource15 https://www.ich.org/page/members-observers
Engine Four Mold SegmentThe calculation of this paperThis article
Classification of modalities by the ending of active ingredient namesThe calculation of this paperThis article is classified from the active ingredient name of Source 4 and 6
The amount used only for the examination of CDER staff, drug discovery and DDSUndetermined / FutureNot listed in Source 1. This article does not estimate
Chapter 6 Prospects ()ulation 2 Items / Undetermined 1 Items)Interpre of this paper from the description of the source 8・11・12

Last Updated:September 26, 2026/Troy Technical
FDA official website, annual report, guidance press release, and ICH official website. This is an interpretation that reads from primary information. This article does not recommend certain medicines.

🌐 Japanese