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NIH Institution Profile | Drug Discovery & DDS

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INSTITUTION PROFILE

NIH
— The vast research institution that funds the upstream foundations of U.S. drug discovery

NIH (National Institute of Health and Welfare) is one of the U.S. Department of Health and Welfare (HHS) and does not have the authority to approve medicine. RolesWe distribute the budget of medical research determined by the parliament to universities, hospitals, companies, etc., and study at research centers and research hospitals.Comment Many of the new drugs are born through the basic research funded by NIH, as well as a clinical study network supported by NIH’s cancer laboratory. NIHHow much does drug discovery and DDS affect?NCI of cancer research and NCATS of bridge research.

Composition: The body of P.L. 119-75), NCI, NCATS and NIH research official page, the NIH Foundation (FNIH) project page as the primary information and last updated September 2026

In this article
  1. 30 seconds NIH
  2. What kind of organization is the type of influence?
  3. What is DDS?
  4. Scope of influence (authorization and region)
  5. Companies and organizations involved
  6. Future Prospects
  7. Glossary/Source/Ins ment and Source Response Table

1. NIH in 30 seconds

NameNational Institutes of HealthNational Institute of Health, USA
CountryUSAOne of the 11 organizations that make up the Ministry of Health and Welfare (HHS)
Type of OrganizationFederal Government Research and SubsidiesNo drug approval review (FDA approved)
OrganizationResearch Institutes and CentersIndividual budget to 24 laboratories and centers in FY2026
Number of peopleAbout 3,500 peopleOver 4,000 Posdocs and over 1,200 researchers. The number of employees of NIH is not confirmed.
Budget(FY2026)$472 billionTotal of NIH items (ARing ARPA-H) calculation of this paper
Involvement in drug discovery and DDSDistribution of funds and researchNo rights to decide regulations or guidelines
Impact rangeUS budget centeredSubsidies are mainly in the United States, but include overseas institutions
1 point to press

NIH budgetThe parliament decides the amount per laboratories and centers by the aging methodHome The aging method for FY2026 (established on February 3, 2026) was $73,516 million in the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Assigns $94,223 million to NCATS, which is responsible for bridge research FactsHome NIH is not an organization that decides what to approve.Review and decide which research to fundContact Us However, the impact on drug discovery is because the large flow of U.S. medical research funds passes through NIH.

2. What kind of organization is the type of influence?

The drug discovery and DDS articles are not sold by yourself. instead ofWhat pathways will affect the industry?is divided into four types.

4 types of drug discovery and DDS The institution does not sell the drug yourself. 4 different routes to influence the industry Funding Decide on policies and regulations Set the standard Make a place Budget for R&D Approval Examination and dance Harmonization of technical guidelines Presentation of clinical data NIH FDA／EMA／PMDA／NMPA ICH AACR／ASCO What to do What to Sell How to apply Who sees what data Scope to reach: budget of your country Scope of delivery = market of your country Scope to reach: affiliates Scope to reach: Participants NIH is a "funding" type at the left end. It is parliament to determine the large frame of the budget, and NIH is examined and distributed The FDA has the authority to approve the drug and not NIH.
Figure 1　4 types of drug discovery and DDS related organizations and NIH positions. The classification is based on this article, and the name of the organization is shown by eight institutions in this series. Calculation of this paperHome In addition to the allocation of funds, NIH also conducts in-house research.

3. What is DDS?

How NIH is involved in drug discoveryCancer Research、NCATS bridges basic research into drug candidatesHome andPublic-partnerships with companiesThe will be better if divided into three Facts。

BusinessFY2026HomeRelationship with Drug and DDS
NCI (National Cancer Institute)$73,516 million
Staff 3,500		“The world’s largest cancer research funding provider” 74 NCI-designated cancer centers and 5,000+ grant recipients, regulate and support clinical trials of approximately 3,100 facilities in the United States. Approx. 18% of budget researchAnticancer agentClinical TrialsThe Foundation of Cancer and the Source of Pre ical Research
NCATS (Advanced Translational Science Center)US$24,232
CTSA $6,956, CAN $750,000		Established in 2011 We will be responsible for bridge delivery, which changes production results to treatment. CTSA finances a network of over 60 medical institutionsTRND, BRIDGs, ASPIRE, etc.
Research Program (IRP)About 1,200
More than 4,000 people		Conduct basics, bridges, and clinical research in place. With 240 floor research hospitalThe part where NIH researches itself as well as funding
Public-Private Partnership (operated by FNIH)AMP: $12 billion in total investment
PACT: 5 years, $220 million		Jointly funded by NIH, FDA, pharmaceutical companies and non-profit organizations to publish results in pre-competitive stagesHow to choose targets, biomarkers, gene therapy development procedures, etc.Industry Common Mounting
The viewpoint of drug discovery: How the NIH fund works

The majority of NIH funds include finding targets and identifying mechanisms of disease.Upstream researchContact Us NCATS TRND and BRIDGsFrom Preclinical to IND ApplicationA few public systems that support We aim to provide candidates for rare diseases that are difficult to see by companies to the stages in which companies can receive. NCATS announces that TRND’s supported gene therapy (AADC deficiency) was approved by the FDA in 2024. FactsHome On the other hand, as a general rule, the company is responsible for the subsequent clinical trials and manufacturing for approval.

4. Scope of influence (authorization and region)

What NIH hasNot having
FundsApply, review and distribute in reviewer reviewpermissions. Authorities for research at research hospitalsAuthorization, safety measures and indication of drugs (FDA authority). International Guidelines
RegionUSABudget by ageing method. NCI grants include not only in the US but also overseas institutionsRight to directly affect other national policies and approval systems
Grants and contracts for universities, medical institutions, laboratories, and private companies. Joint business with FNIHauthority to develop and manufacture specific drugs to companies
SizeFY2026 Approx. $472 billion (Total of NIH items of the aging method)The total budget used only for drug discovery and DDS is not published
Notes on reading numbers

$472 billion is the 28 amount under the heading of the National Institutes of Health for the 2026-year-old This article is based on the research institutes and centers, office managers, facility maintenance, and innovation accounts for the 21st century therapy. ARPA-H ($15 billion) under the same heading is not included Calculation of this paperHome The total amount of "Program Level" published by NIH may not match this sum because it contains other legal funds. The page of NIH's budget station is not available at the time of creation of this article, and the official total amount cannot be confirmed. Undetermined / Future。

5. Companies and organizations involved

How does NIH's drug discovery finance flow (U.S. & FY2026) The parliament decides the budget for each laboratory, and NIH examines and distributes it. Through a joint business through FNIH US Congress Determines the budget for each laboratory by the ageing method NIH Public offerings, examinations, distributions, and research NCI (National Cancer Institute) 2026 $73.5 billion NCATS FY2026 $9.4 billion FNIH operates NIH, FDA, and other companies Contact Us NCI designated cancer center 74 Over 5,000 Subsidies Clinical trials 3,100 facilities Main business TRND: Support for IND applications BrIDGs CTSA: Over 60 medical institutions Participating Companies PACT：Pfizer／GSK／Sanofi BMS／Gilead／Boehringer BGTC:Pfizer/Novo s/Takeda
Figure 2　Flow of drug discovery related funds of NIH. Source: FNIH’s business page, NCI and NCATS, P.L. 119-75) Participating companies are reported from candidates for company commentary in the PACT and BGTC. Calculation of this paperHome Funds for public- partnerships include not only the NIH budget but also corporate contributions.

Inside the Public-Private Partnership

BusinessContents (Based on FNIH notation)Relationship with the Series
AMP（Accelerating Medicines Partnership）Understanding the mechanism of the disease and the selection of targets. 12Business, total investment of $10 billion, 36 life science companies, 35 non-profit organizations, and 16 laboratories of NIH participated. Data is published in principle"Common foundation" of target selection, not the development of individual companies
PACT (biomarker of cancer immunotherapy)A part of “moonshot” cancer research. Joint research by 12 NIH/FNIH/Pharmaceu。 companies for 5 years and total of $220 million. FDAPfizer・GSK・Sanofi・Bristol Myers Squibb・GS Sciences Sciences・Boehringer Ingelheim・Novartis
BGTCStandardization of development procedures and regulatory documents for AAV gene therapy for ultra rare diseases. NCATS Leads a Leading EdgePfizer, Nov)s, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, etc.

*FNIH (NIH Foundation) is a non-commercial corporation that is different from NIH. The company's contribution is not listed on the page above.

6. Future Prospects

ReadPrimary Information
The NCATS organization and budget will continue to be reviewed.The budget plan for FY2026 was to integrate NCATS into the NIGMS. However, the aging method was set to NCATS to record US$94.23 million. The 2027 budget plan suggests about $8.7 billion to NCATS (NCATS budget page)
Subst、tes animal experiments with previous clinical studiesModel of human originIncrease the specific gravity of (organoids, calculation models, etc.)NCI announces that it will reduce the use of animals in research and focus on human-based research, in line with the NIH policy published in 2025.
In gene therapy of rare diseases, not individual drugsCommon development procedureThe impact of NIHBGTC aims to standardize regulatory documents and manufacturing processes and participates in FDA

7. Glossary

Home
The law that determines the amount of government spending for each fiscal year (October to September). NIH is allocated for each research center.
NCATS
Advanced Translational Science Center. Established in 2011 to accelerate the process of changing the results of basic research into treatment.
IND Application
A clinical trial report to FDA before starting a clinical trial for people in the United States. TRND supports pre。ical development to this stage.
Peer Review
External researchers examine research plans. The grant of NIH will be determined through this review.
FNIH
NIH Foundation This is a non-commercial corporation that is different from NIH. It operates a public-partnership (AMP, PACT, etc.) that is combined with companies and foundations.

8. Source

  1. U.S. Government Publication Bureau (GovInfo)　Public Law 119-75 "Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026" body (NCATS CAN/CTSA) https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm
  2. U.S. Government Publication Bureau (GovInfo)　Public Law 119-75 (H.R. 7148) https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-119publ75
  3. NCI　Budget and Appropriations ($73.5 billion for FY2026, about 18% of the budget, and the policy for the reduction of animal experiments in NIH). https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/budget
  4. NCI　Overview and Mission (NiH, 74 designated cancer center as one of the 11 HHS institutions, 5,000+ grants, 3,100 clinical trial facilities, grants to and from Japan and abroad) https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/overview
  5. NCATS　Budget (2026 year old plan, 2026 year budget plan) https://ncats.nih.gov/about/budget
  6. NCATS　NCATS Overview https://ncats.nih.gov/about/ncats-overview
  7. NCATS　Research Activities (ASPIRE, BRIDGs, CTSA, etc.) https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities
  8. NCATS　Theticseutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases (TRND) https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities/trnd
  9. NIH Research Program　What is IRP? (About 1,200 researchers, over 4,000 postdocs, 240 research hospitals) Updated January 2022. https://irp.nih.gov/about-us/what-is-the-irp
  10. FNIH　Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP) (12 businesses, $10 billion in total investment, 36 corporations, 35 non-profit organizations, and 16 laboratories of NIH). https://fnih.org/our-programs/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp/
  11. FNIH　Partnership for Accelerating Cancer The。ies (PACT) https://fnih.org/our-programs/partnership-for-accelerating-cancer-therapies-pact/
  12. FNIH　AMP Be ke Therapy Therapy Consortium https://fnih.org/our-programs/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp/bespoke-gene-therapy-consortium-bgtc/bgtc-partners/
  13. NCATS　Be。ke Therapy Therapy Consortium (BGTC) https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities/BGTC

9. Response table of claims and sources

Content
NCI $73,516 million, NCATS $94,223 million (CAN $7,500, CTSA $6,956 million or more), $15 billion to ARPA-HFactsSource 1 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ75/html/PLAW-119publ75.htm
Date of birth: February 3, 2026FactsSource 2 https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-119publ75
NCI’s in-house research reduces animal experiments in line with the Nih’s policy by approximately 18% of budgetFactsSource 3 https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/budget
About 3,500 NCI employees, NIH is one of the 11 HHS institutions, 74 designated cancer centers, 5,000+ grants, about 3,100 clinical trial facilities, overseas grantsFactsSource 4 https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/overview
NCATS' 2026 budget plan (integration plan to NIGMS) and 2027 budget planFactsSource 5 https://ncats.nih.gov/about/budget
Established NCATS 2011FactsSource 6 https://ncats.nih.gov/about/ncats-overview
ASPIRE・BrIDGs・CTSA(Over 60 medical institutions)FactsSource 7 https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities
TRND supports preclinical development until IND application and contributes to the approval of gene therapy for AADC deficiency.FactsSource 8 https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities/trnd
About 1,200 researchers, over 4,000 postdocs, 240 research hospitalsFactsSource 9 https://irp.nih.gov/about-us/what-is-the-irp
AMP’s 12 business, total investment of $10 billion, 36 companies, 35 nonprofits, 16 laboratories of NIH, etc.FactsSource10 https://fnih.org/our-programs/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp/
Five years of PACT, $20 million, 12 pharmaceutical companies and FDA advisorsFactsSource11 https://fnih.org/our-programs/partnership-for-accelerating-cancer-therapies-pact/
BGTC Private Partner (Pfizer, Nov s, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, etc.)FactsSource12 https://fnih.org/our-programs/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp/bespoke-gene-therapy-consortium-bgtc/bgtc-partners/
BGTC started in October 2021 as part of AMP as a public- collaboration between NIH, FDA, and companies.FactsReference13 https://ncats.nih.gov/research/research-activities/BGTC
NIH budget for FY2026 Approx. $472 billion (28ing ARPA-H, total of 28 NIH items), 24 research centersCalculation of this paperTotal amount of source 1
Engine Four Mold Segment , Figure 2 Industry ExcerptCalculation of this paperThis by this article
The official program level of NIH, the number of employees of NIH, and the budget used only for drug discovery and DDSUndetermined / FutureNIH's budget station page is not available when creating this article. This article does not estimate
Chapter 6 Prospects 3 ItemsInterpre of this document from 3, 5, 12, 13

Last Updated:September 26, 2026/Troy Technical
The figures of this paper are based on the U.S. aging method, the official website of NIH Research Center, and the FNIH business page. This is an interpretation that reads from primary information. This article is not medical advice.

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