Key Findings
A research collaboration involving Microquanta Semiconductor, Zhejiang University, China Three Gorges Renewable, the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, and the Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices has developed a perovskite mini-module with a certified steady-state efficiency of 23.9%. The device, featuring an aperture area of 19.48 cm², achieved a fill factor of 83.3%.
Technical Details
The team analyzed the causes of efficiency degradation that occurs when transitioning from lab-scale devices to larger modules. Their analysis identified the fill factor as a primary contributor to this loss. To further isolate the cause, the researchers categorized the fill factor deficit into three specific contributions: voltage-related, transport-related, and diode-non-ideality.
To address these losses, the team implemented a cryo-controlled processing step. This method regulates the evolution of an intermediate phase during the crystallization process. According to the researchers, the resulting efficiency gains are primarily attributed to the reduction of diode non-ideality, while the other contributions remained smaller. Notably, the advantage provided by this processing step increases as the device size grows.
Background & Context
The study focuses on the “scale-up gap,” where perovskite solar cells typically lose efficiency as they move from small-scale laboratory cells to larger modules. By identifying the specific mechanisms behind fill factor degradation, the team was able to apply a targeted processing solution to maintain performance across a larger surface area.
Significance & Outlook
Beyond immediate efficiency gains, the researchers indicate that the same fill factor limitations that hinder scale-up also govern performance decay during actual operation. This finding establishes a direct link between efficiency retention during the scaling process and the long-term stability of the solar cells, providing a potential pathway for improving the durability of commercial-scale perovskite modules.
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